![[Digital]](digbook.jpg)
A Practical Approach to Digital Electronics
Alan C. Dixon
James L. Antonakos
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Number Systems
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Decimal, Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal
1.3 Similarities Between Bases
1.4 Counting in Different Bases
1.5 Converting Between Bases
1.6 Uses of Hex and Binary in Computers
1.7 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 2: Binary Arithmetic
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Simple Addition in Binary
2.3 Complex Addition in Binary
2.4 Signed and Unsigned Numbers
2.5 Simple Binary Subtraction
2.6 Binary Multiplication
2.7 Binary Division
2.8 Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Arithmetic
2.9 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 3: Logic Families
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Logic Families
3.3 TTL
3.4 CMOS
3.5 ECL
3.6 ASIC's
3.7 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 4: Basic Logic Gates
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Truth Tables
4.3 The Buffer
4.4 The Inverter
4.5 The AND Gate
4.6 The OR Gate
4.7 NAND and NOR Gates
4.8 Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR Gates
4.9 Boolean Algebra
4.10 Practical Applications
4.11 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 5: Combinational Logic Circuit Design
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Three-Input Digital Black Boxes
5.3 Reducing Logic Functions
5.4 The Cost of Digital Design
5.5 Karnaugh Mapping
5.6 Large Karnaugh Maps
5.7 Practical Applications
5.8 An Introduction to PALs and GALs
5.9 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 6: Flip Flops
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Level-Sensitive Inputs vs. Edge-Sensitive Inputs
6.3 The RS Latch
6.4 The Type D Flip Flop (and Latch)
6.5 The JK Flip Flop
6.6 Shift Registers
6.7 Practical Applications
6.8 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 7: Counters
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Using Flip Flops to Make a Counter
7.3 Binary Ripple Counters
7.4 BCD Ripple Counters
7.5 Modulo-N Counters
7.6 Synchronous Counters
7.7 Practical Applications
7.8 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 8: Synchronous Logic Circuit Design
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Synchronous Logic vs. Combinational Logic
8.3 Truth Tables and Excitation Tables
8.4 State Diagrams and State Transition Tables
8.5 Designing a Two-bit Synchronous Up Counter
8.6 State Machines
8.7 Analyzing a State Machine
8.8 Practical Applications
8.9 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 9: Circuit Design using Programmable Logic
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Why use Programmable Logic?
9.3 Using PALs
9.4 Using GALs
9.5 Using PEELs
9.6 Practical Applications
9.7 Design Considerations
9.8 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 10: Complex Logic Functions
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Selectors/Multiplexers
10.3 Decoders/Demultiplexers
10.4 Comparators
10.5 Adders/Subtractors
10.6 Code Converters
10.7 A/D and D/A Converters
10.8 Practical Applications
10.9 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 11: Memories
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Random-Access vs. Sequential Access
11.3 Static RAM Versus Dynamic RAM
11.4 Static RAM
11.5 Dynamic RAM
11.6 Read-Only Memory
11.7 EPROM
11.8 EEPROM
11.9 Practical Applications
11.10 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 12: Digital Data Transmission
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Parallel vs. Serial Communication
12.3 ASCII
12.4 Parallel Communication
12.5 Serial Communication
12.6 The RS232C Standard
12.7 Interfacing
12.8 The RS422 Standard
12.9 Digital Data Compression/Error Correction
12.10 MODEMs
12.11 LANs
12.12 Practical Applications
12.13 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 13: Troubleshooting Techniques
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Logic Analyzers
13.3 Signature Analysis
13.4 Troubleshooting Microprocessor-based Systems
13.5 A Logical Approach to Troubleshooting
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 14: Organization of Computers
Instructional Objectives
Self-Evaluation Questions
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The Operation of a Computer
14.3 The Central Processing Unit
14.4 The Memory Section
14.5 The Input/Output Sections
14.6 The Personal Computer
14.7 A Practical Application
14.8 Troubleshooting Techniques
Summary
Study Questions
Glossary
Appendix A: Powers of 2 and 16
Appendix B: Rules of Boolean Algebra
Appendix C: Logic Gate Summary
Appendix D: IEEE/IEC Standard Symbols
Appendix E: ASCII Chart
Answers to Selected Odd Study Questions
Index